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　　Any effort to study effects of physical activity in green spaces must account for other potential influences on research outcomes。 Some argue that green-exercise benefits are simply due to physical activity， but researchers have conducted analyses that still find advantages after controlling for activity level and type （Bowler et al。 2010）。 Other researchers suggest that， like music， nature is a way to positively distract participants as they exercise。

　　DeWolfe， J。， Waliczek， T.M。， & Zajicek， J.M。 2011。 The relationship between levels of greenery and landscaping at track and field sites， anxiety， and sports performance of collegiate track and field athletes。 HortTechnology， 21 （3）， 329–35。

　　Organizations exist throughout the world to support nature activity for health and well-being。 Check out the following to learn more：

　　Rogerson， M。 2017。 Commentary： Environmental influences on elite sport athletes’ well being： From gold， silver， and bronze to blue， green and gold。 Frontiers in Psychology。doi：10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00078。

　　Bowler， D.E。， et al。 2010。 A systematic review of evidence for the added benefits to health of exposure to natural environments。 BMC Public Health， 10 456。

　　World Health Organization Europe。 2016。 Urban green spaces and health： A review of evidence。 WHO Regional Office for Europe Copenhagen， Denmark。

　　Clare Kelley of Washington， D.C。， blends her experience as a yoga and Pilates instructor with her role as a certified forest and nature therapy guide。 “Both backgrounds go together well and help people understand how the environment and movement play a role in improved quality of life。 If I start participants with gentle， intuitive movements that feel good in their own body， they’re more likely to interact with the forest and become playful。 On one of my walks， after we did light movement， one participant bee-lined for a tree and gave it a giant hug！ Another went to the top of the hill and rolled down， like she used to as a little girl。 There’s a natural playfulness that the combination of the two areas brings out in us。

　　Green Exercise： How It Benefits Your Clients

　　Mike Rogerson， PhD， a researcher at the Centre for Sports and Exercise Science at the University of Essex in Colchester， England， and author of several green-exercise studies， suggests that “combining environmental manipulations with physiology and performance data may afford new possibilities for coaches to better design training sessions and programs for optimal physiological and psychological impact” （Rogerson 2017）。

　　Positive research findings regarding the health benefits of being in nature have motivated organizations and medical centers to offer ecotherapy， nature therapy or “forest bathing” as complementary care for people with certain mental health issues， cancer and some chronic diseases （Shin， Shin & Yeoun 2012； Nakau et al。 2013）。

　　van den Berg， A。， et al。 2016。 Green walls for a restorative classroom environment： A controlled evaluation study。 Environment and Behavior。 doi：10.1177/0013916516667976。

　　Donnelly， A.A。， et al。 2016。 Environmental influences on elite sport athletes well being： From gold， silver， and bronze to blue， green and gold。 Frontiers in Psychology。doi：10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01167。

　　自然 & 森林相关组织

　　Some studies show that the notion of nature needs clear definition in research contexts， because activity in wild settings has less positive results than exercising in tended forest environments （Lawton et al。 2017）。 Other studies have found that a person’s sense of connectedness to nature or his or her past experiences with natural environments， rather than mere exposure to them， are keys to experiencing benefits from green exercise （Lawton et al。 2017）。 More research is required。

　　Lawton， E。， et al。 2017。 The relationship between the physical activity environment， nature relatedness， anxiety， and the psychological well-being benefits of regular exercisers。 Frontiers in Psychology。 doi：10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01058。

　　For sports performance， studies have identified the following advantages when athletes train and compete in green spaces：

　　（Bowler et al。 2010； Lawton et al。 2017）